National and Regional Strategies Related to Personalised Medicine

Personalised medicine is being advanced through a growing number of national and regional strategies, programmes and implementation initiatives. This list brings together sources that show how countries and regions are setting priorities, building infrastructures and moving towards implementation of personalised medicine approaches.

This page provides a curated overview of national and regional strategies, programmes and policy documents from official authorities and government bodies relevant to personalised medicine. It includes sources that describe policy priorities, governance structures, implementation programmes, data and genomics infrastructures, regional innovation ecosystems, clinical implementation pathways, and related national or regional investment frameworks.

The list is intended as a living resource for the personalised medicine community and will be updated as new strategies, programmes or relevant policy documents are identified. It is not a ranking of countries or regions, and inclusion in the list does not mean that personalised medicine has been fully implemented in routine healthcare. Conversely, the absence of a country or region from the list does not mean that personalised medicine is not being implemented there. It only means that, during our research, we did not identify a relevant strategy, programme or policy document issued by an official authority or ministry that we could reference.

Disclaimer

This list was prepared with the support of artificial intelligence (AI) tools and a subsequential human review and curation. While the short summaries were generated by AI and edited for clarity, in some cases they could not be fully verified in the original language of the source document. Therefore, users should consult the original source before relying on a summary for formal citation, legal interpretation, or detailed policy analysis.

The list is a living resource. If you are aware of a missing national or regional personalised medicine strategy, programme or policy document, please contact EP PerMed at eppermed@dlr.de.

National and Regional Strategies

country	region	title	title original	language	year of publication	publisher	type	coverage	web	document	summary and PM relevance
Austria		eHealth in Austria / Austrian eHealth strategy	eHealth in Österreich / eHealth-Strategie	German; English PDF available	2024	Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection	broader eHealth / health-data strategy	Digital health, ELGA electronic health record, health data, telemedicine; indirect personalised medicine relevance	read more	download	Austria’s eHealth Strategy sets out a shared national plan for digital health and care from 2024 to 2030. It responds to major pressures on the health system, such as an ageing population, staff shortages and the need for better coordination. Austria already has important digital health infrastructure, especially ELGA, the national electronic health record, but the strategy aims to bring existing and future digital tools together under one common vision. In simple terms, the strategy wants to make healthcare more accessible, connected and data-informed. Its main goals include better digital access to health services, wider use of telehealth, stronger health IT infrastructure, shared central eHealth services, better health registers, safer use of health data for research and planning, easier access to innovation, and improved digital skills for citizens and health professionals. The strategy is particularly relevant for personalised medicine because personalised medicine depends on the right information being available at the right time. Better electronic records, interoperable systems, standardised registers and secure data-sharing can help doctors understand a patient’s health history more completely and support more tailored prevention, diagnosis and treatment. The strategy also promotes the secondary use of health data for research, system planning and innovation, while emphasising data protection, security and trust. This is important because personalised medicine needs high-quality health data to identify patterns, evaluate treatments, develop decision-support tools and support AI-based approaches. Although the document does not focus specifically on personalised medicine, it creates many of the digital foundations needed for it: connected health data, reliable infrastructure, clear governance, patient-centred services and a learning healthcare system.
Belgium		Personalised Medicine Roadbook		Dutch; French	2016	Scientific Institute of Public Health			read more	download	Belgium’s Roadbook on Personalised Medicine focuses on the introduction of next-generation sequencing (NGS) into routine diagnostics for oncology and haemato-oncology. In simple terms, NGS is a technology that can read many genes at once. This helps doctors understand the molecular features of a tumour more quickly and more completely than with many separate tests. The roadbook describes how Belgium could introduce this technology into normal healthcare in a planned, safe and affordable way. The document proposes a five-year, step-by-step approach for integrating NGS into cancer care. It covers the creation of a Commission for Personalised Medicine, the development of guidelines and quality criteria, external quality assessment for laboratories, accreditation, training for healthcare professionals, informed consent, data registration and links between testing, reimbursement and the Belgian Cancer Registry. It also stresses that NGS should be introduced through hospital networks and supported by proper data management within the national eHealth and Healthdata framework. The roadbook is directly relevant for personalised medicine because it addresses one of its key practical questions: how can molecular information be used reliably in everyday care? In cancer treatment, genetic changes in a tumour can help identify which treatment has the best chance of working. The document therefore links diagnostic testing, targeted therapies, reimbursement decisions and outcome evaluation. Its importance lies not only in the technology itself, but in the system around it. The roadbook recognises that personalised medicine needs common standards, trained professionals, quality-controlled laboratories, patient consent, secure data systems and fair reimbursement. It is therefore a practical implementation plan for bringing personalised cancer medicine from specialised research settings into routine healthcare.
Denmark		Danish Strategy for Personalised Medicine 2021–2022		English	2021	Government of Denmark and Danish Regions / Danish National Genome Center	national strategy	Personalised medicine, genomics, data-driven healthcare	read more	download	Denmark’s National Strategy for Personalised Medicine 2021–2022 sets out how personalised medicine should become a more routine part of the Danish healthcare system. Its overall aim is simple: patients should receive a clearer diagnosis, more targeted treatment and benefit from stronger research. The strategy builds on Denmark’s strong tradition of collecting health data and using it for care and research, and on the first national strategy from 2017–2020. The document explains personalised medicine as prevention, diagnosis and treatment that are better adapted to the individual patient’s biology, disease characteristics and preferences. A major focus is the use of genetic information, including genome sequencing, but the strategy also recognises the importance of biobanks, health data, imaging, patient-reported outcomes and new technologies. A central element is the Danish National Genome Center, which supports national infrastructure for genome sequencing and data use. The strategy wants relevant patients across Denmark to have equal access to high-quality genetic analysis, regardless of where they live. It also stresses that researchers need secure and efficient access to pseudonymised data so that new knowledge can be turned into better treatments. The strategy is highly relevant for personalised medicine because it directly addresses the practical conditions needed to make it work: national coordination, secure data-sharing, public-sector governance, patient trust, ethical safeguards, evidence-based implementation and sustainable financing. It also makes clear that personalised medicine is not only about rare diseases or cancer, but could in the long term benefit people with common chronic diseases such as diabetes or COPD.
China		14th Five-Year Plan for Bioeconomy Development	“十四五”生物经济发展规划	Chinese	2022	National Development and Reform Commission; State Council publication page	national bioeconomy development plan	Bioeconomy, life sciences, health, biotechnology; relevant to precision medicine context	read more	download	China’s 14th Five-Year Plan for Bioeconomy Development is a broad national strategy for developing industries based on life sciences and biotechnology. It is not only about healthcare: it also covers agriculture, food, energy, environmental protection, materials and biosafety. The plan presents biotechnology as a key driver of economic growth, technological independence and better public health. It aims to strengthen China’s innovation capacity, build competitive bio-industries, improve regulation and safety, and support the country’s long-term development up to 2035. For health, the document focuses on moving from treating illness towards protecting health. It names biomedicine as one of the priority areas and highlights drugs, vaccines, advanced diagnosis and treatment technologies, biomedical materials, precision medicine, testing and health services. It also states that gene testing should become more widely used, and that biological drugs and medical services should become more accessible. The plan is relevant for personalised medicine because it supports many of the tools needed to tailor prevention, diagnosis and treatment to individual patients. These include high-throughput gene sequencing, molecular diagnostics, bioinformatics, advanced imaging, early disease screening, targeted drug guidance, cell therapy, gene therapy and immune-cell therapy. The plan specifically mentions early screening for major diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and says these technologies should provide more precise solutions and decision support for individualised treatment. Its relevance is therefore mostly strategic and infrastructural. It promotes investment in biotechnology platforms, research hospitals, clinical research centres, translational medicine and industry–research cooperation. For personalised medicine, this means stronger national capacity to develop tests, medicines, data tools and therapies that can support more precise and preventive healthcare. However, the document approaches personalised medicine mainly as part of industrial and innovation policy, rather than as a patient-centred healthcare strategy.
Finland		Genome strategy	Genomistrategia	English; Finnish	2023	Ministry of Social Affairs and Health	national genome strategy / policy page	Genomic data in healthcare, prevention and treatment decisions, genome strategy	read more	download	Finland’s updated Genome Strategy sets out how genomic information can be used to improve health and healthcare. Its vision is “better health through the use of genomic information”. The strategy updates Finland’s earlier 2015 genome strategy, taking account of new scientific, legal and practical developments in the use of genetic and health data. It also links to plans for a national Genome Centre and a possible Genome Act. In simple terms, the document argues that genetic information is becoming increasingly important in healthcare, but that Finland needs clear national rules, structures and expertise to use it safely and fairly. The strategy proposes better coordination, national quality standards, secure data management, stronger professional skills and better public understanding of genetics. It also highlights ethical questions, such as how patients should be informed about genetic findings and how genomic data can be reused responsibly. The strategy is directly relevant for personalised medicine because genomic information can help prevent disease, support targeted screening, improve diagnosis and guide more individual treatment choices. The document explicitly notes that successful use of genetic data may support disease prevention, targeted screening, advanced diagnosis and more personalised healthcare. A key point is that Finland wants to build the foundations for using genomic data in both patient care and research. This includes national infrastructure, evidence-based practices, ethical principles and cooperation between experts, decision-makers and citizens. The planned Genome Centre would play a coordinating role, help develop national principles and represent Finland in international initiatives such as the European 1+ Million Genomes initiative. Overall, the strategy is important for personalised medicine because it focuses on turning genomic knowledge into trusted, practical and equitable healthcare benefits.
France		Genomic Medicine France 2025 / France Genomic Medicine Plan 2025	Plan France Médecine Génomique 2025	English; French	2016	Aviesan, commissioned by the French Prime Minister	national genomic medicine plan	National genomic medicine implementation, sequencing platforms, clinical genomic medicine	read more	download	France’s Genomic Medicine France 2025 plan sets out how France aimed to bring large-scale genome sequencing into routine healthcare. The plan was prepared by Aviesan after a request from the French Prime Minister and presents genomic medicine as both a public health priority and an area of international competition. Its central idea is that genome sequencing should no longer remain mainly a research tool, but become part of normal diagnosis and treatment pathways. In simple terms, the plan wants to make advanced genetic testing available to patients across France, especially people with cancer, rare diseases and, later, common diseases. It proposes a national system with sequencing platforms across the country, a central data analysis centre, electronic patient records, pilot projects, ethical oversight, training programmes and a sustainable reimbursement model. One concrete target was to reach a capacity of around 235,000 genomes per year by 2020, including patients with rare diseases and priority cancer cases. The document is highly relevant for personalised medicine because it focuses on using a person’s genomic information to improve diagnosis, prognosis and treatment decisions. For cancer patients, this can help identify targeted therapies. For rare diseases, it can shorten the often long path to a diagnosis. Over time, the plan also expects genomic medicine to support care for more common conditions, such as metabolic, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Its wider importance is that it treats personalised medicine as a full healthcare-system change, not just as a new laboratory test. It links sequencing, clinical data, bioinformatics, electronic records, decision support, ethics, patient involvement, reimbursement, research and industrial development. In this way, the plan builds the national infrastructure needed to turn genomic knowledge into more precise, timely and equitable healthcare.
Germany		German Genome Initiative – genomDE	Die deutsche Genom-Initiative – genomDE	German; English	2019/2021 onwards	Federal Ministry of Health	official programme / national genomics strategy webpage	Genomic medicine, rare diseases, oncology, genomic and clinical data infrastructure, personalised therapy finding	read more		Germany’s genomeDE – National Strategy for Genomic Medicine aims to make genome sequencing part of routine healthcare in Germany. Its long-term goal is that all suitable patients can benefit from more precise prevention, diagnosis and treatment. The strategy focuses first on people with rare diseases and cancer, because genomic information can already make a clear difference in these areas. For rare diseases, genome sequencing can help end long diagnostic journeys. In cancer, it can help identify tumour mutations and guide more targeted treatments. In simple terms, genomeDE is about building the structures needed to use genomic data safely in healthcare. This includes a nationwide platform for medical genome sequencing, common quality standards, secure data processing, patient involvement and clear rules for informed consent. The legal basis was created in 2021, and a pilot project under section 64e of the German Social Code started in July 2024. The project will run for at least five years and is intended to test how genomic medicine can be integrated into standard care. The platform is operated by BfArM. Clinical data are stored in decentralised clinical data nodes, genomic data in genomic data centres, and patient data are pseudonymised through a trust centre at the Robert Koch Institute. With patient consent, the data can also support research. The strategy is highly relevant for personalised medicine because it directly connects genetic information with individual prevention, diagnosis and therapy decisions. It also links healthcare and research, supports secondary use of data, and aligns Germany with European initiatives such as 1+ Million Genomes, the European Genomic Data Infrastructure and the European Health Data Space. Overall, genomeDE is Germany’s practical route towards making genomic medicine a trusted, secure and equitable part of personalised healthcare.
Sweden		Genomic Medicine Sweden Strategic Plan 2021–2030		English	2021	Genomic Medicine Sweden management group and steering committee	strategy plan	National genomic medicine infrastructure and precision medicine in Swedish healthcare	read more	download	Sweden’s Genomic Medicine Sweden Strategic Plan 2021–2030 sets out a ten-year plan for introducing precision medicine more widely into Swedish healthcare. Its main goal is to ensure that patients across the country have equal access to cost-effective genetic analysis, leading to better diagnosis, more personalised care, targeted treatment and improved prevention. The plan is led by Sweden’s regional health authorities with university hospitals, medical universities and partners such as patient organisations, industry and SciLifeLab. In simple terms, the strategy wants to make broad gene sequencing, such as large gene panels and whole-genome sequencing, a routine part of care. The first priority areas are rare diseases, cancer, infectious diseases and complex diseases. For rare diseases, sequencing can help find a diagnosis faster. For cancer, it can help doctors choose treatments based on the genetic features of a tumour. The plan expects more than 800,000 samples to be analysed in Swedish healthcare over the ten-year period. The strategy is highly relevant for personalised medicine because it focuses on exactly the tools and structures needed to tailor healthcare to the individual patient. These include national genomic medicine centres, common standards, professional training, patient involvement, clinical studies, health-economic analysis and cooperation between healthcare, academia and industry. A key part of the plan is the creation of a National Genomics Platform and knowledge database. This would securely link genomic data with health data and support digital decision-making, research and innovation. The strategy therefore treats personalised medicine not just as a laboratory technology, but as a healthcare-system change requiring data infrastructure, legal and ethical safeguards, national coordination and sustainable funding. Overall, it presents Sweden’s route towards making precision medicine available fairly and routinely for patients.
Spain		Strategic Project for Economic Recovery and Transformation for Vanguard Health	PERTE para la Salud de Vanguardia	Spanish	2021	Government of Spain / Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan	national strategic investment programme	Personalised precision medicine, advanced therapies, health data lake, AI, digital health transformation, SNS implementation, industrial innovation, territorial cohesion	read more	download	Spain’s PERTE for Vanguard Health is a national recovery and transformation plan that uses health innovation as both a healthcare and economic development priority. It was created under Spain’s Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan and aims to modernise the Spanish health system by connecting science, innovation, digital tools and industry. The document defines “vanguard health” as health protection and promotion supported by innovative products, procedures and digital solutions that add value in prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. In simple terms, the plan wants Spain’s National Health System to become more advanced, data-based and better prepared for future health challenges. It focuses on four main areas: implementing personalised precision medicine, developing advanced therapies and innovative medicines, building a smarter system for managing and using health data, and promoting the digital transformation of healthcare, including primary care. It also highlights the need for clinical research capacity, stronger industry, public–private cooperation, territorial cohesion and training. The document is directly relevant for personalised medicine because it sees precision medicine as a core part of future healthcare. It describes precision medicine as combining genomic data with clinical, radiological, environmental, lifestyle and socioeconomic data to support better decisions for individual and public health. This requires biomarkers, predictive and diagnostic tools, and data science. Its wider importance lies in implementation. The plan does not treat personalised medicine as a single technology, but as a system-wide transformation involving research, hospitals, companies, digital infrastructure, artificial intelligence, advanced therapies, reimbursement and professional skills. It also stresses equity, aiming to ensure that innovation reaches all regions of Spain. Overall, the PERTE positions personalised medicine as a driver of better patient care, stronger public health and industrial innovation.
Spain	Navarra	Navarra Smart Specialisation Strategy S4 2021–2027	Estrategia de Especialización Inteligente de Navarra S4 2021–2027	Spanish; Basque; English website available	2022	Government of Navarra / S4 Navarra	regional smart specialisation strategy	Regional economic priorities include personalised and precision medicine	read more	download	Navarra’s Smart Specialisation Strategy S4 2021–2027 is a regional innovation and economic development strategy. It updates the earlier S3 strategy and sets out where Navarra wants to focus its research, innovation, business support and public investment. The overall aim is to improve prosperity and quality of life by concentrating resources on areas where the region already has strengths and future opportunities. These priority areas include electric and connected mobility, healthy and sustainable food, green energy, sustainable tourism, audiovisual industries and personalised medicine. In simple terms, the strategy is not only a healthcare document. It is a regional development plan that links innovation, companies, universities, public services and European funding. It places strong emphasis on the green and digital transitions, international cooperation, support for SMEs, skills and employment, and better governance of innovation policy. The document is relevant for personalised medicine because it identifies this field as one of Navarra’s main strategic priorities. Navarra presents itself as a European frontrunner in personalised medicine, with a competitive health sector able to bring innovative and accessible solutions to market. The strategy focuses on prevention, diagnosis and personalised treatment, advanced therapies, the biopharmaceutical sector, health-related software, telecare and telemonitoring for chronic diseases, ageing and disability. It also highlights the role of Big Data, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity and genomic and medical data for better diagnosis, treatment and disease prevention. This makes the strategy important for personalised medicine because it connects clinical innovation with digital tools, data infrastructure, business development and regional research capacity. Overall, the Navarra S4 strategy treats personalised medicine as both a healthcare opportunity and an economic specialisation area. Its relevance lies in creating a regional ecosystem where research, hospitals, companies, digital technologies and public policy can work together to make personalised health solutions more practical and scalable.
Czechia		National Oncology Plan of the Czech Republic 2030	Národní onkologický plán České republiky 2030 / Národní onkologický plán ČR 2030	Czech; English version available	2022	Ministry of Health, Czechia	national oncology plan	Oncology plan with likely relevance to molecular/genomic diagnostics and personalised oncology	read more	download	The Czech Republic’s National Cancer Plan 2030 is a broad strategy for improving cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment and quality of life. It was approved in 2022 and runs until 2030. Its vision is that every person in the Czech Republic should have the chance to prevent cancer where possible and, if cancer develops, receive high-quality care and support regardless of where they live or the stage of disease. The plan covers the whole cancer pathway: prevention, screening, patient-centred care, treatment, follow-up care, palliative care, coordination, workforce, infrastructure, research and innovation. In simple terms, the plan wants cancer care to become more coordinated, more accessible and more modern. It emphasises prevention and early detection, stronger comprehensive cancer centres, multidisciplinary cooperation, better patient information, quality of life for patients and survivors, and closer alignment with Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. The document is directly relevant for personalised medicine because one of its specific objectives is to ensure the development of personalised medicine. It states that cancer treatment should increasingly be based on the precise, especially molecular-biological, characterisation of a patient’s disease. This should help doctors choose targeted therapies for patients most likely to benefit. The plan also highlights technologies and approaches that are central to personalised oncology: next-generation sequencing, monitoring of minimal residual disease, molecular tumour classification, theranostics, targeted medicines, molecular informatics, artificial intelligence and tumour-agnostic treatments based on genetic changes rather than tumour location. Overall, the Czech National Cancer Plan is not a general personalised medicine strategy, but it contains a strong personalised oncology agenda. Its relevance lies in turning precision cancer medicine into routine care through better diagnostics, multidisciplinary decision-making, access to targeted treatment, research and innovation.
Poland		National Oncology Strategy 2020–2030	Narodowa Strategia Onkologiczna 2020–2030	Polish	2020	Ministry of Health, Poland	national oncology strategy	Oncology strategy; likely relevance to molecular/genomic diagnostics and personalised oncology	read more	download	Poland’s National Oncology Strategy 2020-2030 is a ten-year national cancer plan. Its main aim is to improve cancer survival and reduce the burden of cancer in Poland. The strategy responds to rising cancer numbers, ageing of the population, lifestyle-related risks and relatively high cancer mortality compared with the EU average. It replaces the earlier National Programme for Combating Cancer Diseases and sets out 23 actions across prevention, diagnosis, treatment, research, innovation and system organisation. The document is relevant for personalised medicine, although it is not a dedicated personalised medicine strategy. Its strongest link is in oncology innovation. It highlights the need for clinical trials, innovative therapies, better medical registers, artificial intelligence and improved use of medical data to support diagnosis and treatment decisions. It also recognises that innovation in oncology is not only about new drugs, but also about better organisation and coordination of care. A particularly relevant point is that the strategy refers to better understanding cancer development in order to provide personalised medical care for oncology patients, and to using artificial intelligence in the diagnostic and therapeutic process. It also includes access to innovative therapies in oncology and haematology, data collection on their effectiveness, and quality standards in pathology and genetic diagnostics. Overall, Poland’s National Oncology Strategy supports personalised medicine mainly through cancer care: better diagnostics, genetic testing standards, clinical research, innovative treatments, data use and coordinated oncology pathways.
Romania		Draft National Health Digitalisation Strategy 2026–2030	Strategia Naţională de Digitalizare în Sănătate 2026–2030	Romanian	In development (2026)				read more	download draft strategy	Romania’s National Strategy for Digitalisation in Health 2026–2030 sets out how the country wants to use digital tools to improve healthcare, prevention and health-system management. Its vision is a population with longer life expectancy and better quality of life through the use of digital technologies for better health, integrated care and prevention. The document defines digital health broadly, covering electronic health records, eHealth services, telemedicine, artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, interoperability, connected devices and cybersecurity. The strategy is relevant for personalised medicine mainly because personalised medicine depends on good-quality, connected and secure health data. Romania’s strategy supports this by promoting interoperable systems, better data flows, clinical decision-support tools, health-data governance, digital identity, cybersecurity and secondary use of health data. It also explicitly mentions genomics as an area requiring standards and legal/regulatory support, and links Romania to European genomic initiatives such as 1+ Million Genomes, the Genomic Data Infrastructure, Beyond 1 Million Genomes and Genome of Europe.
United Kingdom		Genome UK: the future of healthcare	Genome UK: the future of healthcare	English	2020	UK Government / Department of Health and Social Care, BEIS, Office for Life Sciences	national genomics strategy	Genomic healthcare, genomic research, data, industry, public engagement	read more	download	The UK’s Genome UK: the future of healthcare is a national genomics strategy published in 2020. Its ambition is to create “the most advanced genomic healthcare system in the world” over the following ten years, using genomics to improve health outcomes and reduce costs. The strategy applies across the four UK nations, while recognising that health policy is devolved and implementation may differ between England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The document is directly relevant for personalised medicine because it aims to use genomic information to improve diagnosis, classify disease more precisely and guide treatment. In cancer, genomic, imaging and long-term health data should help multidisciplinary teams make better decisions. In pharmacogenomics, the aim is to tailor medicines so that patients receive treatments that are more likely to work for them and less likely to cause harm. The strategy also supports predictive and preventive healthcare, for example through newborn screening, risk-based screening and identifying family members at higher cancer risk. Its research pillar focuses on genomic data access, responsible data use, consent, informatics, diversity in datasets and closer links between research and care. Overall, Genome UK treats personalised medicine as a national healthcare transformation requiring public trust, workforce training, secure data infrastructure, ethical safeguards, industry collaboration and equitable access.
Norway		National strategy for personalised medicine 2023–2030	Nasjonal strategi for persontilpasset medisin 2023–2030	Norwegian	2023	Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services / Helse- og omsorgsdepartementet	national strategy	Personalised medicine, genomics, health-service implementation	read more	download	Norway’s National Strategy for Personalised Medicine 2023–2030 sets out how personalised medicine should become an integrated part of healthcare across the whole patient pathway: prevention, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Its vision is that personalised medicine should improve health and help people live better with disease throughout life. The strategy builds on Norway’s first personalised medicine strategy from 2017–2021, but broadens the scope beyond the earlier focus on cancer, infectious diseases and rare inherited diseases. The document is directly relevant for personalised medicine because it defines the field around large-scale methods that identify biological features of individuals, for example genomics, other “omics” technologies, advanced imaging, bioinformatics and artificial intelligence. These tools can help divide patients into smaller, better-defined groups and support more precise prevention, diagnosis and treatment. A key strength of the strategy is that it treats personalised medicine as a system-wide change. It addresses newborn screening, pharmacogenetics, clinical trials, health technology assessment, national cooperation, multidisciplinary teams, patient consent, data protection, health literacy, workforce training and infrastructure such as a national genome centre. It also stresses trust, equity and sustainability. Overall, the strategy presents Norway’s route towards making personalised medicine a normal, evidence-based and publicly governed part of healthcare.
Germany	Baden-Württemberg	Specialist Concept for “Centres for Personalised Medicine (ZPM)” in Baden-Württemberg	Fachkonzeption für „Zentren für Personalisierte Medizin (ZPM)“ in Baden-Württemberg	German	2019	Baden-Württemberg State Health Conference	implementation of centres for personalised medicine	Personalised medicine, health-service implementation	read more	download	Baden-Württemberg’s Fachkonzeption für Zentren für Personalisierte Medizin (ZPM) is a practical planning document for setting up certified centres for personalised medicine at the state’s university hospitals. It does not present a broad national strategy, but defines how personalised medicine should be organised, governed and quality-assured in routine care. The document is based on the EU understanding of personalised medicine as care that uses information about a person’s phenotype and genotype, such as molecular profiling, imaging and lifestyle information, to find the best treatment or prevention strategy at the right time. The document is directly relevant for personalised medicine because it describes how complex diagnostic information should be translated into treatment recommendations. A key element is the molecular tumour board, where experts discuss patients’ molecular findings and possible therapies, especially in oncology. It also sets out criteria for diagnostics, treatment, off-label use, clinical studies, patient information, informed consent and evaluation. Its wider importance lies in implementation. Personalised medicine needs more than advanced tests: it requires quality standards, multidisciplinary decision-making, secure data infrastructure, biobanking, training, patient consent, and cooperation between specialised centres and regional care providers. The Baden-Württemberg ZPM concept therefore provides a concrete regional model for bringing personalised medicine into structured, quality-assured healthcare.
United Kingdom	Scotland	Genomics in Scotland: Building our Future	Genomics in Scotland: Building our Future	English	2023	Scottish Government	genomics strategy / strategic intent	Genomics, diagnosis, precision medicine, prevention, research and innovation	read more	download	Scotland’s Genomics in Scotland: Building our Future sets out the Scottish Government’s strategic intent to build an equitable, person-centred and population-based genomics service and infrastructure. It is the first in a planned series of documents, followed by a five-year genomics strategy and an implementation plan. Its aim is to make genomic medicine part of NHS Scotland in a way that improves healthcare, supports public health and builds on Scotland’s research and life-sciences strengths. The document is directly relevant for personalised medicine because it describes how genomic information can help doctors diagnose disease earlier and more precisely, choose targeted treatments, avoid ineffective therapies and reduce side effects. In cancer, it aims to expand genomic testing so clinicians can access better diagnostic, prognostic and treatment information. In rare diseases, it sees genomics as a way to shorten the long “diagnostic odyssey” many patients experience. Its wider importance lies in implementation. Scotland plans to strengthen national coordination through the Scottish Strategic Network for Genomic Medicine, transform laboratory services, develop workforce skills, improve data storage and sharing, involve patients and the public, and support research collaboration between NHS Scotland, universities and industry. Overall, the document presents genomics as a key foundation for more precise, preventive and equitable healthcare in Scotland.
United States of America (USA)		NHGRI Strategic Planning Process: Establishing a 2020 Vision for Genomics	NHGRI Strategic Planning Process: Establishing a 2020 Vision for Genomics	English	2020	National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH	genomics strategic vision / plan	National genomics research and implementation agenda	read more	download	The US NHGRI Strategic Vision: Improving Human Health at the Forefront of Genomics sets out future priorities for human genomics research. It was developed by the National Human Genome Research Institute after a broad engagement process with the research community. The document looks beyond the Human Genome Project and asks how genomics can further improve biology, medicine and public health in the coming decade. The document stresses the need to combine genomic data with other information, including clinical, lifestyle, environmental, phenotypic and multi-omics data. It also highlights bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, data standards, secure data sharing and knowledgebases as essential tools for future genomic medicine. A major strength of the vision is its emphasis on equity and responsibility. It calls for more diverse genomic datasets, stronger genomic literacy, a diverse workforce, privacy protection, ethical and legal research, and fair access to genomic advances in healthcare. Overall, the document is less an implementation plan for one health system and more a research vision: it defines the scientific, technical and ethical foundations needed to make genomics useful, safe and equitable for personalised medicine.
Canada		Canadian Genomics Strategy	Canadian Genomics Strategy	English; French available	2025	Government of Canada / Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada	national genomics strategy overview	National genomics sector; includes precision health among sectors	read more	download	Canada’s Canadian Genomics Strategy is a federal strategy to strengthen Canada’s genomics sector and turn genomics research into practical benefits for society and the economy. It is not limited to healthcare; it also covers areas such as agriculture, food, natural resources, clean technology and the environment. The strategy builds on Canada’s long-standing investment in genomics through Genome Canada and responds to the need for stronger coordination, data access, talent development and commercialisation. From a personalised medicine perspective, the strategy matters because genomics is one of the key tools for more precise prevention, diagnosis and treatment. The Canadian strategy explicitly recognises that genomics can support precision health, and that genomics applications in health are already increasingly established. Better data access, skilled professionals, industry collaboration and stronger translation of research into products and services are all important conditions for personalised medicine. Its relevance is therefore mostly strategic and innovation-oriented. The strategy does not set out a detailed healthcare implementation pathway for personalised medicine. Instead, it strengthens the wider genomics ecosystem — research translation, companies, data governance, talent and national coordination — that can support future personalised health tools, diagnostics and therapies in Canada.
Croatia		National Cancer Plan 2020–2030	Nacrt nacionalnog plana protiv raka 2020.–2030.	Croatian	2020	Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia	national cancer plan	Cancer control, pathology, molecular diagnostics, genetic testing, personalised oncology		download	Croatia’s National Cancer Plan 2020–2030 is a comprehensive strategy to improve cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, palliative care and cancer-data management. It responds to the high burden of cancer in Croatia and sets out a long-term framework for organising cancer services more effectively across the country. The plan covers primary prevention, screening and early detection, imaging, pathology, molecular diagnostics, genetic testing and counselling, multidisciplinary cancer teams, surgery, radiotherapy, systemic treatment, survivorship, palliative care, research and national oncology data systems. Overall, the Croatian plan is not a general personalised medicine strategy, but it contains an important personalised oncology agenda. Its relevance lies in strengthening molecular diagnostics, genetic counselling, clinical trials, multidisciplinary decision-making and national oncology data systems that can support more tailored cancer care.
Slovenia		National Cancer Control Programme 2022–2026	Državni program obvladovanja raka 2022–2026	Slovenian	2021	National Cancer Control Programme / Slovenian cancer-control authorities	national cancer control programme	Cancer control, oncology services, molecular diagnostics, NGS, genetic/epigenetic changes	read more	download	Sovenia’s National Cancer Control Programme 2022–2026 is a comprehensive national plan for reducing the cancer burden. It builds on earlier cancer programmes from 2010–2015 and 2017–2021 and follows the direction of Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan. Its three strategic goals are to slow the increase in new cancer cases, improve survival and improve quality of life for people with cancer. The plan covers prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, palliative care, research, education, cancer data and programme governance. Overall, the Slovenian programme is not a general personalised medicine strategy, but it contains a clear personalised oncology agenda. Its relevance lies in strengthening molecular testing, multidisciplinary care, structured data, clinical registries and guideline-based use of tumour information to support more tailored cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Germany		Improving framework conditions for the pharmaceutical sector in Germany: policy measures for Germany as a research and production location	Verbesserung der Rahmenbedingungen für den Pharmabereich in Deutschland – Handlungskonzepte für den Forschungs- und Produktionsstandort	German	2023	German Federal Government	national pharmaceutical, research and industrial strategy	Pharmaceutical research and production, clinical trials, health-data access, genomic data, innovative therapies, manufacturing and supply security	read more	download	Germany’s Pharmaceutical Strategy is a cross-government action plan intended to strengthen Germany as a location for pharmaceutical research, development and production and to improve the reliability of medicine supplies. It covers faster and more coordinated clinical-trial procedures, specialised ethics review, regulatory processes, manufacturing conditions, supply chains, reimbursement, innovation incentives and access to health data. The document is relevant for personalised medicine particularly through its measures on digitalisation and research data. It explicitly identifies standardised processes, effective data infrastructure and personalised medicine as important conditions for pharmaceutical innovation. The strategy opens data held by the Health Research Data Centre to pharmaceutical research and supports the restructuring of the national genome-sequencing model project. Under this project, genomic and clinical data from patients with rare and oncological diseases are to be collected in a quality-assured and interoperable manner and made available for healthcare as well as public and private research. Connections with the European Genomic Data Infrastructure and the European Health Data Space are also envisaged. Although it is not a dedicated personalised-medicine strategy, it strengthens the research, data and regulatory environment needed for biomarker-based drug development, genomic medicine and personalised oncology.
Germany		Together Digital 2026 – Digitalisation Strategy for Health and Care	Gemeinsam Digital 2026 – Digitalisierungsstrategie für das Gesundheitswesen und die Pflege	German	2026	German Federal Ministry of Health	updated national digital health and care strategy	Person-centred digital care, electronic health records, health-data infrastructure, EHDS, artificial intelligence, genomics, digital twins, research and innovation	read more	download	Together Digital 2026 updates Germany’s national strategy for the digital transformation of healthcare and long-term care. Its measures are organised around person-centred and digitally supported care pathways, the generation and use of high-quality data for healthcare and research, and useful digital technologies and applications. European cooperation and artificial intelligence are treated as cross-cutting priorities. The strategy is highly relevant for personalised medicine because it aims to make structured health data from electronic patient records, routine care, research studies, registries and regional data spaces securely linkable and reusable. By 2028, data from the Health Research Data Centre are intended to be connectable with cancer registries and genomeDE. The strategy also proposes better conditions for both population-based and personalised recommendations for prevention and treatment, an expansion of the genome-sequencing model project to additional indications and datasets, and stronger links with national and European data infrastructures. In the longer term, improved data availability should enable digital twins and contribute to a predictive, preventive and personalised health system. Artificial intelligence is also expected to analyse genomic, imaging and real-world data to identify patterns and accelerate the development of new therapeutic approaches.

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